Hypogonadism is a clinical condition where there is a decrease in testosterone production or an impairment in its function, leading to significant health and quality-of-life issues for affected individuals. This condition can stem from congenital abnormalities, genetic disorders, or acquired problems such as injury or infection of the testes, chemotherapy, radiation, or chronic diseases. Secondary hypogonadism involves the failure of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland to appropriately signal the testes to produce testosterone. Symptoms are diverse and may include decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, reduced muscle mass and physical strength, increased body fat, and decreased bone density, potentially leading to osteoporosis. Emotional and cognitive effects, such as depression and reduced concentration, can also occur. Diagnosis involves clinical assessment and blood tests, with treatment typically centered on testosterone replacement therapy. This therapy aims to restore testosterone to normal levels, thereby alleviating symptoms and preventing long-term health consequences. Regular follow-up is essential to adjust therapy as needed and monitor for side effects.