Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas and is essential for the regulation of glucose levels in the bloodstream. It facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, allowing it to be used as energy or stored for future use, thus playing a critical role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
After eating, carbohydrates break down into glucose, which enters the bloodstream. The rise in blood glucose levels triggers the pancreas to release insulin, signaling cells to absorb glucose. Without sufficient insulin, glucose remains in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar levels.
Diabetes occurs when there's a problem with insulin production or function. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin, whereas Type 2 diabetes is due to insulin resistance, where cells do not respond effectively to insulin.
Research indicates a complex relationship between insulin and testosterone levels. Insulin resistance, commonly seen in Type 2 diabetes, has been linked to lower testosterone levels in men. Conversely, healthy testosterone levels may help improve insulin sensitivity, underscoring the interplay between these hormones.