Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids are a category of steroid hormones synthesized in the adrenal cortex of the kidneys. They are broadly classified into two main types: glucocorticoids, which play a significant role in glucose metabolism, reducing inflammation, and regulating immune function, and mineralocorticoids, which affect electrolyte and water balance. These hormones are critical for the body's response to stress, maintaining homeostasis, and supporting life-sustaining functions. Corticosteroids are also manufactured as medications to treat a variety of conditions, including asthma, allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune diseases, due to their potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Although corticosteroids and androgens like testosterone are both steroid hormones, they have different roles in the body. However, the use of synthetic corticosteroids can influence the balance of other hormones, including testosterone. High doses or long-term use of corticosteroids can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, potentially leading to reduced testosterone production and symptoms of hypogonadism. Understanding the interaction between corticosteroids and testosterone is important, especially in patients who require prolonged corticosteroid therapy, to manage and mitigate potential side effects on hormonal health.